Sea turtles migrate across thousands of miles of ocean before returning to nest on the same stretch of coastline where they hatched, but how they do this has mystified scientists for more than fifty years. Sea turtles likely go to great lengths to find the places where they began life because successful nesting requires a combination of environmental features that are rare: soft sand, the right temperature, few predators, and an easily accessible beach.

Victor Hugo, the son of one of Napoleon’s officers, decided while still a teenager to become a writer. Although he studied law, he also founded a literary review to which he and other emerging writers published their work. In 1822, Hugo married his childhood sweetheart, Adele Foucher, and published his first volume of poetry, which won him a pension from Louis XVIII. In 1823, Hugo published his first novel, Han d’Islande. His 1827 play, “Cromwell,” embraced the tenets of Romanticism, which he laid out in the play’s preface. The following year, despite a contract to begin work on a novel called Notre Dame de Paris, he set to work on two plays. The first, Marion de Lorme (1829), was censored for its candid portrayal of a courtesan. The second, Hernani, became the subject for a bitter and protracted debate between French Classicists and Romantics.

In 1831, he finally finished Notre Dame de Paris. In addition to promoting a Romantic aesthetic that would tolerate the imperfect and the grotesque, the book also had a simpler agenda: to increase appreciation of old Gothic structures, which had become the object of vandalism and neglect. Hugo’s writing spanned more than six decades, and he was given a national funeral and buried in the Pantheon after his death in 1885.

Their words always carried within them a secret tension. Casual observers listening in on an entire dialogue between the Lorrell sisters and have no idea they were in a fight. Anyone who knew Marissa and Sami well enough could hear the venomous vitriol in every word, every syllable, every sound of their conversation. Their pugilistic pleasantries made them both dread these interactions, and the formality of the wedding just made things worse.

“It’s nice to see you here so early,” Sami jabbed.

“Yes, well, I didn’t want to miss my older sister’s big day. You’ve been planning this forever,” Marissa countered as she kissed her sister on the cheek and walked past. This was the last place she wanted to be. Her big sister was getting married and there’s nothing like a wedding to remind you of your own crumbling marriage.

“I’m glad to. If I hadn’t planned so much, I would have worried it was all going to fall apart right in front of me. Where’s James?” Sami retorted as she followed Marissa in. Marissa knew that James’ absence from family gatherings had become suspicious, and that her sister had certainly been eyeing the pale skin of her empty finger since she first arrived.

“Oh, he couldn’t get the day off of work to come to a Friday afternoon wedding. He sends his love, though. Where’s Phil? I hope he hasn’t gotten cold feet,” was all Marissa could muster in response. This was more than just a ploy to get her sister nervous, though, she really did want to speak with Phil.

“No, no, he’s around somewhere mingling. You should go and grab a drink and I’m sure he’ll check in with you. I wouldn’t want you to be alone on a day like this.” Marissa sneered and walked off, finding her way to a back room where Phil was adjusting his tie.

“This is over,” she said to him. “You’re marrying my sister and this needs to end now.” She wasn’t surprised by Phil’s astonished look, but was surprised to see that he wasn’t looking at her, but rather over her shoulder at Sami who had followed her to the doorway. As her sister stormed off, Marissa wondered how she would ever make this up to her. She also wondered if Sami would ever believe the truth, that she had caught James and Phil together in her bed 3 months earlier.

Their words always carried within them a secret tension. Casual observers listening in on an entire dialogue between the Lorrell sisters and have no idea they were in a fight. Anyone who knew Marissa and Sami well enough could hear the venomous vitriol in every word, every syllable, every sound of their conversation. Their pugilistic pleasantries made them both dread these interactions, and the formality of the wedding just made things worse.

“It’s nice to see you here so early,” Sami jabbed.

“Yes, well, I didn’t want to miss my older sister’s big day. You’ve been planning this forever,” Marissa countered as she kissed her sister on the cheek and walked past. This was the last place she wanted to be. Her big sister was getting married and there’s nothing like a wedding to remind you of your own crumbling marriage.

“I’m glad to. If I hadn’t planned so much, I would have worried it was all going to fall apart right in front of me. Where’s James?” Sami retorted as she followed Marissa in. Marissa knew that James’ absence from family gatherings had become suspicious, and that her sister had certainly been eyeing the pale skin of her empty finger since she first arrived.

“Oh, he couldn’t get the day off of work to come to a Friday afternoon wedding. He sends his love, though. Where’s Phil? I hope he hasn’t gotten cold feet,” was all Marissa could muster in response. This was more than just a ploy to get her sister nervous, though, she really did want to speak with Phil.

“No, no, he’s around somewhere mingling. You should go and grab a drink and I’m sure he’ll check in with you. I wouldn’t want you to be alone on a day like this.” Marissa sneered and walked off, finding her way to a back room where Phil was adjusting his tie.

“This is over,” she said to him. “You’re marrying my sister and this needs to end now.” She wasn’t surprised by Phil’s astonished look, but was surprised to see that he wasn’t looking at her, but rather over her shoulder at Sami who had followed her to the doorway. As her sister stormed off, Marissa wondered how she would ever make this up to her. She also wondered if Sami would ever believe the truth, that she had caught James and Phil together in her bed 3 months earlier.

Their words always carried within them a secret tension. Casual observers listening in on an entire dialogue between the Lorrell sisters and have no idea they were in a fight. Anyone who knew Marissa and Sami well enough could hear the venomous vitriol in every word, every syllable, every sound of their conversation. Their pugilistic pleasantries made them both dread these interactions, and the formality of the wedding just made things worse.

“It’s nice to see you here so early,” Sami jabbed.

“Yes, well, I didn’t want to miss my older sister’s big day. You’ve been planning this forever,” Marissa countered as she kissed her sister on the cheek and walked past. This was the last place she wanted to be. Her big sister was getting married and there’s nothing like a wedding to remind you of your own crumbling marriage.

“I’m glad to. If I hadn’t planned so much, I would have worried it was all going to fall apart right in front of me. Where’s James?” Sami retorted as she followed Marissa in. Marissa knew that James’ absence from family gatherings had become suspicious, and that her sister had certainly been eyeing the pale skin of her empty finger since she first arrived.

“Oh, he couldn’t get the day off of work to come to a Friday afternoon wedding. He sends his love, though. Where’s Phil? I hope he hasn’t gotten cold feet,” was all Marissa could muster in response. This was more than just a ploy to get her sister nervous, though, she really did want to speak with Phil.

“No, no, he’s around somewhere mingling. You should go and grab a drink and I’m sure he’ll check in with you. I wouldn’t want you to be alone on a day like this.” Marissa sneered and walked off, finding her way to a back room where Phil was adjusting his tie.

“This is over,” she said to him. “You’re marrying my sister and this needs to end now.” She wasn’t surprised by Phil’s astonished look, but was surprised to see that he wasn’t looking at her, but rather over her shoulder at Sami who had followed her to the doorway. As her sister stormed off, Marissa wondered how she would ever make this up to her. She also wondered if Sami would ever believe the truth, that she had caught James and Phil together in her bed 3 months earlier.

Their words always carried within them a secret tension. Casual observers listening in on an entire dialogue between the Lorrell sisters and have no idea they were in a fight. Anyone who knew Marissa and Sami well enough could hear the venomous vitriol in every word, every syllable, every sound of their conversation. Their pugilistic pleasantries made them both dread these interactions, and the formality of the wedding just made things worse.

“It’s nice to see you here so early,” Sami jabbed.

“Yes, well, I didn’t want to miss my older sister’s big day. You’ve been planning this forever,” Marissa countered as she kissed her sister on the cheek and walked past. This was the last place she wanted to be. Her big sister was getting married and there’s nothing like a wedding to remind you of your own crumbling marriage.

“I’m glad to. If I hadn’t planned so much, I would have worried it was all going to fall apart right in front of me. Where’s James?” Sami retorted as she followed Marissa in. Marissa knew that James’ absence from family gatherings had become suspicious, and that her sister had certainly been eyeing the pale skin of her empty finger since she first arrived.

“Oh, he couldn’t get the day off of work to come to a Friday afternoon wedding. He sends his love, though. Where’s Phil? I hope he hasn’t gotten cold feet,” was all Marissa could muster in response. This was more than just a ploy to get her sister nervous, though, she really did want to speak with Phil.

“No, no, he’s around somewhere mingling. You should go and grab a drink and I’m sure he’ll check in with you. I wouldn’t want you to be alone on a day like this.” Marissa sneered and walked off, finding her way to a back room where Phil was adjusting his tie.

“This is over,” she said to him. “You’re marrying my sister and this needs to end now.” She wasn’t surprised by Phil’s astonished look, but was surprised to see that he wasn’t looking at her, but rather over her shoulder at Sami who had followed her to the doorway. As her sister stormed off, Marissa wondered how she would ever make this up to her. She also wondered if Sami would ever believe the truth, that she had caught James and Phil together in her bed 3 months earlier.

Passage 1

In 1995, environmentalist William Cronon wrote a condemnation of modern environmentalism. Cronon argued that his colleagues idealized the wilderness, forgetting that the wilderness is not a safe place for humans. Either we will tame it and make it no longer wilderness, or we will die within it. And while we are dreaming of the wilderness, we’re not coming up with sustainable ways to live symbiotically within our environment.

In many ways, things have gotten better in the past 25 years, but in many ways they haven’t. Cronon worried about idealism leading to apathy. One might argue that people aren’t as apathetic anymore. Instead of apathy, however, modern environmentalists are fighting willful ignorance. As long as environmentalists have to waste their time re-litigating scientifically-researched and supported facts, we will never be able to slow climate change. The greatest contributors to this willfully ignorant opposition to common sense, unsurprisingly, is the corporations and governments that gain the most from destructive practices. Individuals can recycle all they want, but until corporations take the lead, these individuals are throwing glasses of water at a wildfire.

Passage 2

The problem with environmentalists is that they cry wolf too often. Every five years or so, our globe is on the edge of a crisis. The polar ice caps are supposedly going to melt and destroy everything we hold dear. The hole in the ozone layer is going to give us all skin cancer. The pollution is going to suffocate us. But, you know what? We’re all still here. Every time some environmental “crisis” occurs, the world is suddenly going to end. And yet, the Earth is still spinning.

What are we supposed to do with these empty “warnings,” then? Environmentalists can’t believe that people challenge their claims of man-made climate change. But, we’ve lived through all of these empty claims, these warnings of doom come to naught. For every scientific study that these environmentalists taut as important and true, there are twenty such studies that have proven over time to be false. How, then, can we believe them when they say that climate change is man-made? Or even that climate change exists?

Passage 1

In 1995, environmentalist William Cronon wrote a condemnation of modern environmentalism. Cronon argued that his colleagues idealized the wilderness, forgetting that the wilderness is not a safe place for humans. Either we will tame it and make it no longer wilderness, or we will die within it. And while we are dreaming of the wilderness, we’re not coming up with sustainable ways to live symbiotically within our environment.

In many ways, things have gotten better in the past 25 years, but in many ways they haven’t. Cronon worried about idealism leading to apathy. One might argue that people aren’t as apathetic anymore. Instead of apathy, however, modern environmentalists are fighting willful ignorance. As long as environmentalists have to waste their time re-litigating scientifically-researched and supported facts, we will never be able to slow climate change. The greatest contributors to this willfully ignorant opposition to common sense, unsurprisingly, is the corporations and governments that gain the most from destructive practices. Individuals can recycle all they want, but until corporations take the lead, these individuals are throwing glasses of water at a wildfire.

Passage 2

The problem with environmentalists is that they cry wolf too often. Every five years or so, our globe is on the edge of a crisis. The polar ice caps are supposedly going to melt and destroy everything we hold dear. The hole in the ozone layer is going to give us all skin cancer. The pollution is going to suffocate us. But, you know what? We’re all still here. Every time some environmental “crisis” occurs, the world is suddenly going to end. And yet, the Earth is still spinning.

What are we supposed to do with these empty “warnings,” then? Environmentalists can’t believe that people challenge their claims of man-made climate change. But, we’ve lived through all of these empty claims, these warnings of doom come to naught. For every scientific study that these environmentalists taut as important and true, there are twenty such studies that have proven over time to be false. How, then, can we believe them when they say that climate change is man-made? Or even that climate change exists?

Passage 1

In 1995, environmentalist William Cronon wrote a condemnation of modern environmentalism. Cronon argued that his colleagues idealized the wilderness, forgetting that the wilderness is not a safe place for humans. Either we will tame it and make it no longer wilderness, or we will die within it. And while we are dreaming of the wilderness, we’re not coming up with sustainable ways to live symbiotically within our environment.

In many ways, things have gotten better in the past 25 years, but in many ways they haven’t. Cronon worried about idealism leading to apathy. One might argue that people aren’t as apathetic anymore. Instead of apathy, however, modern environmentalists are fighting willful ignorance. As long as environmentalists have to waste their time re-litigating scientifically-researched and supported facts, we will never be able to slow climate change. The greatest contributors to this willfully ignorant opposition to common sense, unsurprisingly, is the corporations and governments that gain the most from destructive practices. Individuals can recycle all they want, but until corporations take the lead, these individuals are throwing glasses of water at a wildfire.

Passage 2

The problem with environmentalists is that they cry wolf too often. Every five years or so, our globe is on the edge of a crisis. The polar ice caps are supposedly going to melt and destroy everything we hold dear. The hole in the ozone layer is going to give us all skin cancer. The pollution is going to suffocate us. But, you know what? We’re all still here. Every time some environmental “crisis” occurs, the world is suddenly going to end. And yet, the Earth is still spinning.

What are we supposed to do with these empty “warnings,” then? Environmentalists can’t believe that people challenge their claims of man-made climate change. But, we’ve lived through all of these empty claims, these warnings of doom come to naught. For every scientific study that these environmentalists taut as important and true, there are twenty such studies that have proven over time to be false. How, then, can we believe them when they say that climate change is man-made? Or even that climate change exists?

Passage 1

In 1995, environmentalist William Cronon wrote a condemnation of modern environmentalism. Cronon argued that his colleagues idealized the wilderness, forgetting that the wilderness is not a safe place for humans. Either we will tame it and make it no longer wilderness, or we will die within it. And while we are dreaming of the wilderness, we’re not coming up with sustainable ways to live symbiotically within our environment.

In many ways, things have gotten better in the past 25 years, but in many ways they haven’t. Cronon worried about idealism leading to apathy. One might argue that people aren’t as apathetic anymore. Instead of apathy, however, modern environmentalists are fighting willful ignorance. As long as environmentalists have to waste their time re-litigating scientifically-researched and supported facts, we will never be able to slow climate change. The greatest contributors to this willfully ignorant opposition to common sense, unsurprisingly, is the corporations and governments that gain the most from destructive practices. Individuals can recycle all they want, but until corporations take the lead, these individuals are throwing glasses of water at a wildfire.

Passage 2

The problem with environmentalists is that they cry wolf too often. Every five years or so, our globe is on the edge of a crisis. The polar ice caps are supposedly going to melt and destroy everything we hold dear. The hole in the ozone layer is going to give us all skin cancer. The pollution is going to suffocate us. But, you know what? We’re all still here. Every time some environmental “crisis” occurs, the world is suddenly going to end. And yet, the Earth is still spinning.

What are we supposed to do with these empty “warnings,” then? Environmentalists can’t believe that people challenge their claims of man-made climate change. But, we’ve lived through all of these empty claims, these warnings of doom come to naught. For every scientific study that these environmentalists taut as important and true, there are twenty such studies that have proven over time to be false. How, then, can we believe them when they say that climate change is man-made? Or even that climate change exists?